Which complication should the nurse educate a client diagnosed with sickle cell disease about?

In the context of sickle cell disease, pneumonia is a significant complication that warrants education for clients. Individuals with sickle cell disease experience abnormal hemoglobin that can lead to sickling of red blood cells, which obstructs blood flow and leads to tissue ischemia. This condition can compromise the immune system and increase susceptibility to infections, particularly in the lungs.

Pneumonia, especially from bacterial infections like Streptococcus pneumoniae, is more common in these patients due to factors such as reduced splenic function and vascular occlusion, which impair the lungs' ability to clear pathogens. It's crucial for patients to understand this risk, recognize symptoms of pneumonia, and engage in preventive measures, such as vaccinations and avoiding respiratory infections, to mitigate this complication effectively.

While kidney damage, leg ulcers, and osteoporosis are also potential complications associated with sickle cell disease, pneumonia directly relates to the immediate risk of infection that is notably increased in these patients, making it imperative to address in educational discussions.